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Abstract

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is now established as an important non-invasive imaging tool in the assessment of cardiovascular disease. Standard CMR protocols are able to perform functional analysis, tissue characterisation and flow/ velocity analyses which will be covered in this review. Furthermore, advances are being made to expand CMR’s capabilities opening new horizons for faster scanning times, improved accuracy of diagnosis and improved prognostic information for patients. These techniques include vascular and intraventricular 4D flow, quantitative stress perfusion, exercise CMR, strain analysis and artificial intelligence. The reader will be provided with a stateof- the-art review on the application of CMR and its future.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

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